采(cai)(cai)(cai)礦(kuang)機(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)(xie)是直接開采(cai)(cai)(cai)有(you)用(yong)(yong)礦(kuang)物(wu)和采(cai)(cai)(cai)準工(gong)(gong)作所用(yong)(yong)的機(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)(xie)設(she)備，包括：開采(cai)(cai)(cai)金(jin)屬(shu)礦(kuang)石和非金(jin)屬(shu)礦(kuang)石的采(cai)(cai)(cai)掘機(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)(xie)；開采(cai)(cai)(cai)煤(mei)炭用(yong)(yong)的采(cai)(cai)(cai)煤(mei)機(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)(xie)；開采(cai)(cai)(cai)石油(you)用(yong)(yong)的石油(you)鉆采(cai)(cai)(cai)機(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)(xie)。第一臺風動圓片采(cai)(cai)(cai)煤(mei)機(ji)(ji)(ji)是由英國工(gong)(gong)程師(shi)沃克設(she)計的，約于1868年(nian)制造成(cheng)功。19世(shi)紀80年(nian)代，美國有(you)數百口(kou)油(you)井(jing)用(yong)(yong)蒸汽為動力(li)的沖擊鉆鉆鑿成(cheng)功，1907年(nian)，又(you)用(yong)(yong)牙輪鉆機(ji)(ji)(ji)鉆鑿油(you)井(jing)和天然氣井(jing)，并從1937年(nian)起，將(jiang)它用(yong)(yong)于露天礦(kuang)鉆井(jing)。